We try to compost all of our kitchen and yard waste or feed it to our chickens. Some things just can't be composted like meat, fat and oils. We put all our eggshells and coffee grounds in our compost bin along with all vegetable matter from the kitchen and leftovers from the garden and flower beds. We also add the chicken poop and used bedding to the compost bin. If you tumble, stir and "cook" the material for 6 months to a year, then you can put it on your garden beds to enhance the soil composition. You can speed up the process by constructing a solar oven. You simply put the compost in a large plastic bag and place it in a box lined with aluminum foil or some other reflective material. After a few warm days, you shake the bag around so that the material sifts inside and then bake it a few more days. This should kill any microorganisms or weed seeds that remain. Compost making is much faster during warmer months, the process really slows down in the winter.
Soil needs lots of organic matter. Since compost can sometimes be contaminated with persistent herbicides (see my previous post about this), it is best to make your own so you know what is in it. If you are adding any type of manure, even chicken poop, it is best to let it cook for a year or in an outdoor oven to the proper temperature to ensure that you do not transfer any pathogens to your garden. This is how E-Coli bacteria and other pathogens can end up in vegetables, so make sure you are using safe practices with any type of manure. Mother Earth News has a great article about building the compost oven and proper methods of making compost here: Mother Earth News - Compost Made Easy
We still accumulate bags of trash that are a mix of plastic wrap, food scraps, food packaging, glass, etc. My next project is to start separating the plastic and glass that we don't reuse and take it to the recycling center in town.
We are fortunate to have friends that own an apartment complex in town and have a dumpster. They have given us permission to use their dumpster for the bags of garbage left over. We usually haul the garbage there once a month. At home, we keep it bagged in very large cans with heavy lids to cut down on the odor and keep rodents out until we haul it away on the trailer.